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Working with Drama:
Expression from the Inner to the Outer
Theseus
Drama can help classes catch a vision of the universal, internalize experience, reflect on it and put it into words; and open up other curricular areas'

- Betty Jane Wagner
on watching Dorothy Heathcote at work


Working with how we breathe into expression and how the breath informs and grounds expression is fundamental to storytelling, speaking, singing and moving. It lets us tap into a creative well that need never run dry. One of the most satisfying and all embracing ways of working with the expressive arts, in my experience, is theater.

Drama is fundamental in the Waldorf curriculum; where we work therapeutically and pedagogically, as well as artistically. Individual work is as potent as the work that builds the sense of group ensemble. The experience of a play and the commitment that can come from young people through this process goes deep and produces a memorable experience of something larger than the group itself. I have written a number of plays that come out of relevant curricular themes, and that have resonance with the specific ages for which they were written. From my background in generating plays, and in writing and directing with young children, I can offer guidance on bringing the pedagogic and developmental benefits of drama to groups of children.

For children, drama is best approached through the deep building of character and a saturation in the time period of the play. Before the production of a play even begins, the children benefit most deeply when the themes and topics of the play are organic to an integrated curriculum. Staging a play always offers additional dimensions for learning skills and cooperation in the context of a larger group. These can include assistant directing, lighting, publicity, costumes, stagecraft, and more.

I am currently preparing for publication A Waldorf Book of Plays. These plays address themes and archetypes that are developmentally appropriate for the needs of children of specific ages. Each play was generated with a particular class of children, but the language is more generally attuned to the voices that belong to children of that age. Each play also works to make accessible for the children the experience of appropriate universal and transcendent meanings. Many of these plays have been acted in other schools and have transferred very well. The dialogue was written with an ear for the current language as part of the intention to draw them into the world of another time.

Below are very brief descriptions of the plays that will be included in A Waldorf Book of Plays.
a rainforest play
For first grade, there is a "Rain Forest Play" that emphasizes song, simple movement, and notes on how to transform the entire classroom into an imaginative rain forest set for the play. This little play came out of observing the free play of my first grade class with whom I was working.

For the second grade, the "Mountain Play" offers a simple drama which works strongly with dynamic and playful movement and the contrasts between the drama of opposing places and characters.

A play suitable for third graders is based on an Ananzi folktale from Africa. Like its predecessors, the play is primarily choral.

a Norse play



The vivid characters of Norse gods and the earth-shaking events of Norse Mythology offer a lot for fourth graders to sink their teeth into in the "Norse play"

Cretan emissaries
For the fifth grade, "Into the Labyrinth," pictured also at the top of this page, is a play based on the Theseus and Ariadne story from Greek Mythology. This play uses the bull leaping contrasting and complementary roles of the courageous male hero, Theseus, and the wise and supportive Ariadne, but also offers lots of humorous badinage and the strong characterization that is important for enjoyable theater.

Sir Balan
"The Twin Swords of Destiny" is an Arthurian play which is often performed by other schools. It was written by Cliff Skoog and myself for the sixth grade. This play invokes the world of Avalon and Druidic mystery as it charts the unfolding destiny of the hero from young boy to king. Once again, the language offers lively sixth graders the chance to play with language like music: fierce drama, tragedy and witty repartee.



"Sir Gromer's Deadly Wager" is another play based on medieval Arthurian tales, it uses the theme in the story of the loathly lady - the superficial attachment to appearance - as its inspiration.


Irish pirates"Aithne, the Pirate's Daughter" is a comic seventh grade play set in 16c Europe. It draws from the Sephardic history of Spain, and the espionage and rivalry between maritime countries for its background. It is essentially a high comedy with farcical elements and rapier wit, but it is rooted in a serious message concerning humanity and the abuse of power.
LLLost


Cliff Skoog and I have also carefully edited Shakespeare's "Love's Labor's Lost" for use by the seventh grade, and a version of "King Lear" which can be very effective for eighth graders.


To contact Nell Smyth about The Breathing Circle,
workshops, groups, consultation, mentoring, or
individual work, email  nell@breathspan.com.